Direct answer
Net positive over the building lifetime. Embodied carbon (manufacturing) is offset within 2-5 years by energy savings. Newer HFO-blown foams (zero ozone depletion potential) are dominant in 2026.
Authoritative sources
- US Department of Energy ↗
DOE Energy Saver guide to insulation types, R-values, and recommended applications.
- IRS Section 25C ↗
Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit — up to $1,200/yr for qualifying insulation work.
- Energy Star ↗
Energy Star recommendations for attic and wall insulation R-values by climate zone.
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